DEGREE OF CERTAINLY: PRESENT TIME POSITIVE AND PRESENT TIME NEGATIVES

DEGREE OF CERTAINLY: PRESENT TIME

PENGUNGKAPAN KEPASTIAN: DALAM BENTUK PRESENT

MODAL + BE + ADJECTIVE

MODAL + VERB

Case: Carl is wearing wedding ring? Why?
100% sure Express something is true happened. You do not  need to use modal for 100 % sure.	She is married.	Case: if you say Carl is married. You have fact that make you sure that Carl is married. Then, you had attended in Carl weeding. You can say: She is married. Note: the fact do not just you know the real fact. It could confirm from the subject.
95% sure Express strong degree of certainty about present situation. It summary based on logical conclusion or evidence.	She must be married.	Case:  you ever saw her with her boyfriend’s bought ring together and anything else. Based on logical reason, It can be conclude: 1.   Probably she must be married.
LESS THAN 50% SURE Express: a weak degree of certainty; it just assume/probably/perhaps/maybe Not more…..	She may be married.	Case: you don’t really know; just speak what you want to speak about Carl and her ring, such as : 1. She could be married.  OR 2. She might be engaged.  OR 3. She could be bough new ring.
	She might be married.
	She could be married.

DEGREE OF CERTAINLY: PRESENT NEGATIVE

PENGUNGKAPAN KEPASTIAN: DALAM BENTUK PRESENT IN NEGATIVE

Case: Someone told me about Sam. Sam is not eating his lunch
100% sure Express something is true happened. You do not  need to use modal for 100 % sure.	Sam is not hungry	Case: if you say Sam is not hungry. You have fact that makes you sure that .Then, Sam just told you that He is not hungry. His stomach is full,  You can say: He is not hungry. Note: the fact do not just you know the real fact. It could confirm from the subject.
99% sure Something that expresses the idea that the speaker believes something is impossible.	Sam could not be hungry.	Case: you known Sam eat his big meal this morning. So, it is impossible Sam hungry now!, you can say: He could not be hungry He cannot be hungry.
	Sam cannot be hungry.
95% sure Express strong degree of certainty about present situation. It uses logical conclusion or evidence.	Sam must not be hungry.	Case:  you response about Sam based on logical conclusion as the best guest. 2.   He must not be hungry.
LESS THAN 50% SURE Express: a weak degree of certainty; it just assume/probably/perhaps/maybe Not more…..	Sam may not be hungry.	Case: you don’t really know; just speak what you want to speak about  Sam, such as : He may not be hungry. He might not be hungry.
	Sam might not be hungry.

Exercise:

1. Please create your own case about degree of certainly in the present positive and present negative.
2. Exercise 24

(…..) is yawning. Why?

Answer:  She must be sleep. Here the word “yawning” refer to 95% degrees

Don’t look at your watch. What time is it?

Answer: My watch must be broken or you must be busy.

3. Exercise 25

Sudah ada contoh di buku

4. Exercise 26

Sudah ada contoh di buku

5. Exercise 27

A             : Who are calling?

B             : Dick. The phone is rigging, but there is no answer.

C             : He must not be at home.